How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is a symptom only of children, but it can affect adults too. Being diagnosed and treated for ADHD can help improve the quality of life of a person.
A diagnosis for ADHD could involve a conversation with the patient and their family members. The specialist might review old school records to determine whether symptoms began in the early years of childhood.
Symptoms
ADHD is a condition that affects work, school as well as home life. Everyone struggles with concentration and staying organised from time to time. To be diagnosed with the disorder, one must have major symptoms in at least two of these areas and show that the symptoms significantly hinder the daily functioning. The symptoms must have been present for a minimum of six months.
To make a diagnosis, a doctor will interview the patient regarding their symptoms and ask about family history and medical problems. They may also use rating systems to gauge symptoms in adults or children. These questionnaires are based off of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They ask about the symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and the tendency to be impulsive.
In adults, doctors may require a discussion with someone else in the family or who are familiar with the patient. This is not to question the patient's honesty but to gain insight into their behavior that can't be obtained from the answers to a questionnaire. They may ask about their childhood behaviors and consult old school records in order to determine whether symptoms began before the age of 12.
Before determining a diagnosis, the doctor will conduct an extensive physical examination and run tests in the lab to rule out other conditions, such as thyroid problems or head injuries that could trigger similar symptoms. The doctor will also review the patient's list of medications. Doctors will take into consideration the interaction between stimulants and specific medications prescribed for depression, high blood pressure, and other conditions. It is essential that adults talk to their primary healthcare providers when they suspect they be suffering from ADHD.
Diagnosis
For a person to be diagnosed with ADHD, symptoms must occur in two or more settings (like school, home and work) and seriously hinder functioning. The symptoms must be evident before the age of 12 and can't be caused by a different disorder, such as anxiety or depression.
A mental health professional will use different tools to assess the patient, including ADHD symptom lists and standardized scales for assessing behaviour as well as a thorough medical history. They may also interview family members and friends to find out how the patient's symptoms have affected them. They can also inquire whether there are other psychiatric disorders or physical illnesses that display similar symptoms.
The evaluators will consider whether the symptoms are severe or mild. They will also examine the patient's medical and family background to determine if there are underlying causes of their problem, such as thyroid disorders or head injuries.
In certain instances, an evaluator may want to perform cognitive testing or request an imaging test to rule out any other possible causes for their symptoms, including learning disabilities, mood disorders personality disorders, and alcohol abuse. These people often present differently than those who do not have these issues. Boys tend to display hyperactive symptoms, while girls show inattentive ones.
Many people with ADHD are interested in participating in a clinical trial to test new treatments. While this is a fantastic method to aid in further research, it's important for participants to understand that the purpose behind these studies is to acquire knowledge in the field of science and cannot necessarily guarantee that they will receive treatment. For more information on clinical trials, please visit NIMH's Clinical Trials fact sheet.
Treatment
For a person who suspects they have ADHD It is essential to find an expert trained in diagnosing the disorder. Contact your health insurance provider to see whether ADHD specialists are covered, and seek out referrals from family doctors or other health care providers. Word-of-mouth recommendations are an alternative.
A doctor will ask the patient or their parents in the case of children - about their issues. She may use standardized questionnaires or ADHD symptom checklists, and ask for details from other people in the person's life, such as spouses and family members. Personal experience often reveals more than what can be learned from questionnaires.
An expert will also want to look over any documents the person might have, particularly old school reports. Often, the diagnosis of ADHD is dependent on the person's past and, in order to be able to identify the condition, the symptoms must be present since childhood (technically prior to age 12).
A physical examination is also carried out. It's also examined for other medical conditions which could cause symptoms, like seizures or thyroid problems. The doctor will usually conduct a neurological examination, which checks for coordination and motor control. Psychological tests to measure intelligence and abilities may be used. The test subject may be asked to complete simple computer tasks designed to test memory and attention. This can help an expert determine if the person is hyperactive or not. The specialist will then determine the diagnosis and suggest treatment. Treatment plans typically include medication and therapy. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy can teach adults and children healthy coping skills and alter unhelpful thinking patterns. This therapy can be provided by a primary doctor or a mental healthcare professional who is a specialist in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people suffering from ADHD are helped by medication. However, this is not the only method of treating the condition. Psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, or a combination can be beneficial to teenagers, children and adults. These therapies help them cope with their ADHD symptoms and help them learn to live with these symptoms. They can include psychoeducation, which is an education about ADHD and methods to manage it. They may involve family members, teachers and other professionals.
It is important to locate a health care provider or mental health professional with previous experience treating ADHD. You can ask other people who suffer from ADHD for suggestions or a mental health practitioner you trust. adhd diagnosis in adults uk can also do an internet search. It is essential to find a specialist who is familiar with your insurance.
To determine if your child has ADHD, the health care provider will ask about your or your child's symptoms and issues caused by the condition. They will conduct a physical exam and check for any other health issues that may cause similar symptoms. They will look over the medical and family history of your child or you along with school records and other reports.
The American Psychiatric Association's (DSM-V), which is designed to diagnose children and adolescents, has a harder to diagnose ADHD in adults. Your health care provider will interview you or your child about their symptoms, and may request others who spend many hours with them to fill out questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. The medications used to treat ADHD include stimulants, like methylphenidate and Lisdexamfetamine as well as non-stimulants such as atomoxetine and certain antidepressants. They function by increasing and balancing the levels of neurotransmitters, which are brain chemicals.
Counseling
Many people with ADHD suffer from comorbid disorders such as anxiety or depression. Treatment should therefore include therapy that addresses these issues. Some patients can benefit from cognitive behavioral treatment which teaches techniques such as managing time and tasks and emotional self-regulation.
Therapists can also help patients manage their symptoms by altering their lifestyle. Regular exercise can help decrease hyperactivity and improve focus. A healthier diet is important too. People who suffer from ADHD tend eat more fat and sugar and less fruit and vegetables. Also, making social and family relationships a priority can lower stress levels and make people feel more in control of their lives.
adhd diagnosis uk adult of ADHD can aid adults and children to recognize their issues. A child diagnosed with ADHD might have difficulty communicating their requirements to teachers or their peers. Once a teacher understands that this isn't a personal issue or because of a lack of time, they can make adjustments.
A professional evaluating ADHD will ask questions that are geared towards the person's specific age, interview family and teachers, look over medical records, and check for any comorbid conditions. For adults, school records might be useful in determining whether the ADHD symptoms began before age.
A physical exam is usually included, and the specialist will likely test for hearing and vision issues. They might also conduct a blood test in order to determine the presence of certain hormones, as well as other health conditions which can cause symptoms similar to ADHD.